· Long Essay on Utilitarianism is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and Utilitarianism usually uses actions that maximize happiness and well-being of an individual. It is a version of consequentialism, which means that the consequences of any actions are either right or wrong. It considers all the interests of humans in an equal manner Utilitarianism is a philosophical view or theory about how we should evaluate a wide range of things that involve choices that people face. Among the things that can be evaluated are actions, laws, policies, character traits, and moral codes. Utilitarianism is a form of consequentialism Utilitarianism Theory by Jeremy Bentham Utilitarianism is what philosophers call a consequentialist theory. A consequentialist theory is an ethical theory that states that the consequences, or effect, of an action determine if an action is morally right or wrong. With utilitarianism, an action is determined to be morally right or wrong if it brings about more pleasure or pain
Model Essay - Utilitarianism - Philosophical Investigations
Below is a sample essay from our book on Model Essays available in the shop. I will mark it with detailed comments for free if we use it. Other essays can be marked for £10 an essay — please buy an essay marking credit in the shop. Arguably, the use of utilitarianism for the making of moral decisions is more detrimental to a society than it is beneficial.
Instead, we must aim for more substantial conclusions, such as wealth or power — pleasure is merely a symptom that follows. Excellent summary of the utilitarian problem that once you pursue happiness or pleasure as an end in itself it tends to elude you. You need to mention a philosopher here such as Mill and ground the argument in what he says. in the case of a politician forming their policies on utilitarian principles. Is it not true to say we can assess polices looking backwards with hindsight because all the consequences are known, utilitarianism essay not forwards when there are often unintended consequences?
This paragraph is too general to be of much analytical quality — make sure you go straight into a philosophical theory. On the other hand, rule utilitarianism appears to offer a resolution.
If one chooses to implement a pre-determined set of rules e. But when moral utilitarianism essay occur we revert to being act utilitarians.
This kind of comment is irrelevant to the question and a waste of time. Undoubtedly, he was also a great social reformer, utilitarianism essay, basing his beliefs on the underlying principle of egalitarianism i.
equality for all. This paragraph is a good example of the kind of paragraph a highly analytical essay never contains because you are merely describing the life and times of Mr Bentham and not adding anything to the argument, utilitarianism essay. Visualise a situation in which the hedonic calculus is being employed. In such a case, the intensity quality of the perceived happiness must be acknowledged, utilitarianism essay.
However, one of utilitarianism essay individuals appears to gain a disproportionately high intensity of pleasure on receiving food, despite all other individuals being of an equally critical state of health e. The most valid counterargument to which is proposed by the British philosopher Derek Parfit, arguing that the scale of happiness should be seen as asymptotic rather than linear.
Hence, such a being is not conceivable. Again a good point and actually illustrating what economists call the principle of diminishing marginal utility — we eventually have less and less satisfaction as an individual until at some point we experience no satisfaction at all. Or, to some extent, utilitarianism essay, the intensity of utilitarianism essay could thereby be omitted from the hedonic calculus to account for the utility monster.
Interesting and unusual point. Which philosopher talks about this problem? Yet this line of argument spawns issues of its own. A simple average can easily be skewed by extremities. Such that one individual in a state of euphoria would significantly raise the average happiness of his miserable counterparts. Under the aforementioned, atrocities such as slavery could feasibly be justified.
Utilitarianism, in this context, seeks to diminish the more valuable pursuits charity, utilitarianism essay, liberal arts over the happiness one gains through utilitarianism essay e. the wealth garnered from a cotton farm, utilitarianism essay. Even if all the preceding shortcomings were to be deemed permissible, there is still a flaw which is utilitarianism essay the most pertinent utilitarianism essay all.
Humans, by their very nature, are unable to reliably predict consequence, and without consequence, the principle of utilitarianism is worthless. Or moreover, to predict the ways in which people would potentially dangerously, apply utilitarianism if it were to be adopted as a global ethic. Even attempting to apply such a primitive, nebulous philosophy to an infinite diversity of ethical decisions seems rather unrefined.
Welfare is another word for happiness just a little more neutral! In Politics and Economics we use social welfare measures to evaluate our decisions — as it is impartial. The essay has some very interesting points to make.
It is lighter on AO1 marks than AO2 but seems to miss some of the analytical steps necessary to be a really utilitarianism essay argument. A good demonstration of knowledge and understanding. Addresses the question well.
Good selection of relevant material, used appropriately on the whole. Mostly accurate knowledge which demonstrates good understanding of the utilitarianism essay used, which should have reasonable amounts of depth or breadth. A good range of scholarly views. For example, there is an interesting relationship in Mill between higher and lower pleasures and act and rue utilitarianism whereby we should, Mill argues, generally follow a rule which past experience suggest will maximise social happiness but when we face a moral dilemma we revert to being an act utilitarian.
There is also an ambiguity in the question which is never considered — moral decisions for whom? A very good demonstration of analysis and evaluation in response to the question, utilitarianism essay.
successful and clear analysis, evaluation and argument, utilitarianism essay. Views very well stated, coherently developed and justified. There is a well—developed and sustained line of reasoning which is coherent, relevant and logically structured.
It would have been excellent if there had been a little more engagement with the academic philosophers who produce the arguments, utilitarianism essay, rather than just the arguments themselves.
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Utilitarianism, Kinds of Utilitarianism, Jeremy Bentham, Rule, Ideal: Western Ethics - Philosophy
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Utilitarianism believes the morally right actions are those actions that maximize the pleasure and minimize the pain. Utilitarianism thinks the consequence of an action justifies the moral acceptability of means taken to reach that end Principles of Utilitarianism Essay. Humanities. Humanities. Principles of Utilitarianism Essay. Question Description. I need an explanation for this Philosophy question to help me study. Please apply the principles of Utilitarianism to the following case: Jim,a botanist travelling in South America, comes upon a public executionin a small town. A military captain has lined up twenty Mark Smith Utilitarianism essay Jeremy Bentham's theory of utilitarianism states that when you make a decision, you should make this decision on how many people will receive pleasure or happiness from this decision. Bentham said that good was happiness. He believed that motives are unimportant and that only consequences count
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